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ESTIMATION OF SHORELINE CHANGE ALONG THE ODISHA AND ANDHRA PRADESH COAST USING LANDSAT DATA (2002-2017)
Samu Jebaraj , Shashank Kr Mishra, Satyesh Ghetiya, R.K. Nayak, Allahudheen Shaik
Development of coastal economics and its land management are influenced by environmental changes, of which coastal shoreline change is major indicator. The boundary between the land and the sea (shoreline) gets affected because of natural and anthropogenic disaster. Shoreline changes because of erosion and accretion processes, so estimating erosion and accretion is important for managing the coast. In the present study, the shoreline change detection was conducted using the DSAS, which is an extension tool of Arc GIS. The shoreline change rate was assessed using End Point Rate (EPR) statistical method. Landsat TM and OLI TIRS data was used for 2004-2017 in the coastal areas of southern Odisha and northern Andhra Pradesh. The study is useful for exploring erosion and accretion process in the coastal region with high temporal frequency (per year). The coastal stretches of study area has been classified in to high erosion, low erosion, stable, low accretion and high accretion coast based on the rate of shoreline change. The study found that about 38.5 % and 20.09 % of the Ganjam district in South Odhisa coast and Srikakulam district in Northern andhra Pradesh respectively is eroding, about 21.55 % and 13.71 % of coast is stable and remaining 39.92 % and 66.20 % of the coast is accreting in nature. The moderate erosion area are mostly found along the Chipurupalle, Srikakulam, Tekkali, Sompeta and Ichchapuram in Srikakulam district. The results of satellite derived shoreline change rate using end point rate statistical method shows high erosion zone of -20.30 m/ year and high accretion zone of 37.26 m/year in the Odisha and Andhra coast. The main causes of coastal erosion of the study area were construction of the Gopalpur port in Chatrapur taluk and erosion along the mouth of river Nagavalli.