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Climate Change and its Adaptation Option on Agriculture in Ethiopia: A Review

Abebe Misganaw, Nega Kesete, Haimanot Eskezia

Major contributing factors include increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, rising temperature and modified frequency of extreme events, possibly leading to more drought and floods. These changes in turn alter the availability of water resources, productivity of grazing lands and livestock, and the distribution of agricultural pests and diseases. Environmental changes, such as changes in rainfall variability, drought, warmer or cooler temperature (lead to change in growing seasons) and land cover change have increased concerns about achieving food security. Africa has been identified as one of the parts of the world most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The change in temperature has affected the health, livelihoods, food productivity, water availability, and overall security of the African people. Majority of the Ethiopian economy depends on agriculture which is the most vulnerable economic sector to the impacts of climate change. This seminar paper show reviews the impact of climate change and adaptation strategies on crop production in Ethiopia. Adaptation strategies such as technology development, technology adoption, governmental program and insurance and adjusting farm practice and mitigation strategies such as afforestation/reforestation; agroforestry; soil and water conservation and land rehabilitation; and reducing rate of desertification reducing the impact of climate changes on the world.