Jornal de pesquisa e terapia com células-tronco

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Azoximer Bromide as an Activator of Cellular Immunity: New Opportunities for Practical Use in Cancer Patients

L Yu Grivtsova*, NA Falaleeva, NN Tupitsyn

In this review, we have summarized the data on the new properties and uses of Azoximer Bromide (AB) in cancer patients. Recent studies have shown that AB, an immunomodulator with immunoadjuvant properties, can have a direct antitumor effect through a number of mechanisms leading to the activation of both cellular and humoral immune responses. Azoximer bromide mediates the transcription of cytosolic helicase receptor MDA5 gene and acts as a modifier of the innate immune response and inducer of the RIG-I/MDA5 signaling pathway, mainly due to its effect on MDA5. AB inhibits the accumulation of the Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) population in experimental aseptic inflammation conditions. AB reduces extracellular neutrophil traps formation in in vitro studies. Azoximer bromide enhances the expression of the costimulatory molecule ICOSL by 1.7 and increases the ability of dendritic cells to stimulate the maturation of follicular helper T-lymphocytes and enhance the T-dependent humoral response. Thus, AB should be considered as a drug with a direct antitumor effect, which is confirmed by a number of clinical studies and observations.